The privatization will cause a problem with unpredictable consequences Amazon Jungle.
Brazilian President Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva ratified the Provisional call 458 in the benefit of grileiros , the name given to the squatters of these forest lands who settled in tax areas and do not have titles property.
The decision affects about 67 million hectares of forest in the Legal Amazonia, an area equivalent to twice the size of the province of Buenos Aires.
Such as the law was ratified by the Brazilian Executive, a person who comes to the Amazon and claims as its own a piece of land up to 400 hectares may receive a degree no one is really sure if occupying the extension.
As you can read in the law, land to 100 hectares surface would be no charge to the occupants of 101 to 400 would go on sale with a symbolic price of 401 to 1500 hectares would be sold at market price.
The most extensive as those would go from 1501 to 2500 hectares would go to public auction and more than 2500 hectares would at the hands of the state which could be sold with the authorization of Congress.
Land "privatized" may be exploited for various crops and livestock. After three years, owners may put them on sale.
A partial veto
The ban became law with few reservations: the executive has exercised its right to veto in two points the rule, which had been included during the parliamentary debate.
Article 7 provided for the transfer of land to companies, or individuals who do not live in the region and manage their lands by third parties or nominees.
In this way, only people living in forested land permanently, and who have settled there before December 2004 can claim legal ownership.
eliminated President Lula also point extending the possibility of acquiring title deeds on behalf of companies.
Deforestation
Prestigious climatologists believe that Amazon will suffer more droughts this century due to climate change and therefore be more vulnerable to fire, so you should monitor deforestation so far averages by 1% per annum from its surface.
The Brazilian Amazon lost between February and April 2009, 197 Km2. jungle cover an area similar to the territory of an island like Aruba.
is 90.1% lower than the devastation in the same period in 2008 (1,992 km2), according to the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), but clarified that the forest area destroyed in the period may be much higher than the announced due to the high cloudiness in the quarter affected the calculations made using satellite imagery.
Of all the Brazilian Amazon, 25% and is in private hands - farmers, foresters, farmers, etc. -, And about 28 % Consists environmental reserves and indigenous lands. Ie remains 48 percent . About this percentage the Brazilian government would privatize 67 million hectares , threatening biodiversity.
The word "biodiversity" is composed of the Greek word "bios" (life) and the Latin word "diversité (diversity or difference). In general, therefore, biodiversity means: diversity of life.
Brazil and its commitments
The Government of Brazil signed the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), pledging to protect what biodiversity gives us: resources for food, water, forests, raw materials, etc., knowing that it is threatened for various reasons, among which highlights the involvement of the human being.
The Secretary General of the Organization Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO), Rosalia Arteaga Serrano, said signing the agreement with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in 2005 for the sustainability of the Amazon is of extreme importance to the Amazon, since the biodiversity is a strategic issue ". The program is under the Amazon Cooperation Treaty, adopted by Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Surinam and Venezuela.
Global Action for Biodiversity, Countdown 2010, led by the Office of the IUCN to Europe (IUCN-ROfE) http://www.countdown2010.net/ , invites governments to preserve biodiversity , promoting and supporting the implementation of existing commitments related to the conservation of the same .
South America is a key region, with 40% of biodiversity, 25% forests and 26% of renewable fresh water worldwide.
During the expert meeting held in Lima, Peru on June 19, 2009, Maria Luisa del Rio , Director General of Diversity Biological of Ministry of Environment of Peru, said "We can not think and take actions as if we lived in a homogeneous world, we are heterogenous in climate, diverse in species, in languages, ethnic, cultural expression. Our challenge is to find the common expression, that union within the biodiversity because biodiversity is health, food, shelter, industry, tourism ... is our reason for being. "
The Australian Association of National Parks - Aapne - prompted the Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil, to commit itself to protect in perpetuity the entire Amazon rainforest by having a "value outstanding universal " and declared a World Heritage Site.
Conclusion
One Country though sovereign, should not have unilaterally on ecological and environmental future of humankind.
"The issue of privatization and an end to the Amazon ecosystem is not only a problem of society in the countries where is the mega-reserve land ecosystem, but the planet and humanity as a whole, "said Omar Cabezas Lacayo, President of the Iberoamerican Federation of Ombudsman (FIO).
This may be the beginning of the massive devastation of the Amazon rain forest, as it was, years ago, the devastation of rain forests, the Borneo and Indonesia and African tropical forests.
Forests should not be sold, forests should be preserved.
* Prof. Norberto Ovando; Vice President / Association of Friends of the National Parks - Aapne -
Expert World Commission on Protected Areas - WCPA - IUCN.
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