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ZAPAROANAS LANGUAGES (AN EXAMPLE OF THE DANGER OF LOSS OF IDENTITY IN LANGUAGE AMAZON)

In actu ality in the Amazon there are hundreds of languages \u200b\u200band dialects, each with a great historical value and pride to the identity of the ethnic groups who speak them, but long as a result of the social phenomenon of Westernization that for years past led the governments of the Amazon countries towards these people, hundreds of languages \u200b\u200band dialects are in danger of extinction or already disappeared completely. At present, raised education and conservation policies of the language and culture Amazonian peoples, thus encouraging conservation. Despite these efforts, the danger of extinction continues, for it would have to see and analyze the reality of language in its present number of speakers and their geographical coverage. In this case we analyze the example of one of the languages \u200b\u200bin the past was widely used by Amazon (Peruvian and Ecuadorian), is the Záparo language family.

Zaparoanas Languages \u200b\u200bare a set of nearly extinct American Indian languages \u200b\u200bspoken in the Amazonian regions of Peru and Ecuador. According to Swadesh (1959), the degree of internal differentiation involve at least 4,100 years of linguistic divergence. Currently consists of 5 languages, all endangered or already extinct. According to the evidence, two other languages \u200b\u200balready extinct, the Aushiri omurano and are part of the family.

In general, there is consensus among modern linguists on the classification of the family zaparona. However, some speculative opinions encompassing those languages \u200b\u200bin a course-Zaparo kacupana MACROFILE, and other in-Peba Zaparo MACROFILE, based on geographic proximity. Some fits this family within the Andean family kacupana Zaparo and there are others that include the Zaparo-Peba, along with the yawan which has 6,000 years of linguistic diversity.

The territory of language speakers Zaparo lying between the northern Napo, Tigre and Amazonas south / southeast Marañón. The original nucleus of protozáparo seems to be located (Payne (1984)) around the present city of Iquitos, where the river Tigre would have amounted to its source, forming the core of the sub-Andoa Arabela.

The following chart can analyze the current situation Záparo family.

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Bibliography

• Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.). Ethnologue: Languages \u200b\u200bof the World, Fifteenth edition . Dallas, Tex.: SIL International, 2005. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/ .
• Payne, Doris. Evidence for a Yagua -Zaparo linguistic connection. SIL-UND-WP 28: 131-156, 1984.
• Solís Fonseca, Gustavo. "Peru: multilingualism and language extinction." Native America 47 / 4. Mexico: 1987.
• Swadesh, Morris. linguistic classification maps of Mexico and the Americas . Mexico: UNAM, Journal of the Institute of History, Anthropological Series 8, 1959.
• Wise, Mary Ruth. "Small Families and isolated language in Peru." In: RMW Dixon & Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald (eds.), The Amazonian languages \u200b\u200b: 307-340 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.